Under Graduate - Department of Surgery & Radiology

Department of Surgery & Radiology (SRA)

Course outline

The department is offering different courses for undergraduate DVM program as presented below:

Syllabi

Course Title: General Surgery

Course Code: SRA 361

Credit hours: 3+1 (T+P)

Theory

1. Introduction: Definition of common surgical terms and methods of therapy.
2. Principles of surgery: Preoperative consideration of animals, inflammation, suppuration and abscess formation, affections of uropygeal gland in bird, contusions, fibrosis and sclerosis, wounds, ulceration, necrosis, gangrene, sinus, fistula, cysts, tumors, haematoma, lymphangitis, edema, emphysema, physical lesions, affections of joints, fractures and repair of bones, yoke gall, hemorrhage and homeostasis, burns and scalds, frost bite, shock and its management, cryosurgery, paracentasis, asepsis and antisepsis.
3. Surgical affections causing lameness: Definition, classification, etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of different foot diseases causing lameness.
4. Fluid therapy: Different types of fluids, assessment of fluid deficit, administration of fluids, electrolyte and acid-base balance, transfusion of physiological fluids, blood and blood plasma.

Practical:

General considerations for surgery

1. Preparation of patient and surgeon, restraint of animals, identification and use of instruments, sterilization of surgical instruments, dressing, bandaging, sutures and suture materials, different types of knots, operative technique, haemostasis, practice of fluid therapy and blood transfusion.
2. Passing of stomach tube, probang and catheter in domestic animals, nerve blocking, parenteral injection of drugs, techniques of diagnosis and treatment of lameness, common minor operations in domestic animals, parenthesis abdominis in bovine.

Course Title: Anesthesiology

Course Code: SRA 401

Credit hours: 2+1

Theory:

1. Definition of common terms, general consideration for anaesthesia, Classification of anaesthesia and anaesthetics, mode of action of anaesthetics, stages of anaeasthesia.
2. Principles of sedation and premeditation: Indication, agents used and their doses in different species.
3. Muscle relaxants: Drugs used and their doses in various species.
4. Local and regional analgesia: Topical analgesia, paravertebral, field block, epidural, corneal, auriculopalpebral, supra-orbital, mandibular, infra-orbital, planter, perineal, pubic nerve block, intravenous regional analgesia.
5. General anaesthesia and anaesthetics: Injectable agents-Chloral hydrate, barbiturates, dissociative agents, steroid and other agents. Inhalation agents-Chloroform, diethylether, halothane, methoxyflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, nitrous oxide, and cychlopropane. Anaesthsia of zoo and laboratory animals and birds. Hazards of anesthesia and their management.
6. Euthanasia:Indications, various methods and agents used.

Practical:

1. Preanaeshetic examination and preparations of the animal. Orientation with different anaesthetics and devices used for administration of anaesthetics.
2. Demonstration of local, regional and general anesthesia in various species.
3. Monitoring of anaesthesia- central nervous system function, cardiovascular function, respiratory function, temperature and urine output.
4. Management of anesthetic hazards.

Course Title: Radiology & Imaging

Course Code: SRA 402

Credit hours: 2+1

Theory:

1. Introduction, definition of common terms, properties of X-rays, X-ray machine, production of X-ray imaging, exposure factors, positioning of animals, exposure and processing of films, contrast media.
2. Quality of a radiograph, interpretation of radiographs, radiographic artifacts, diagnostic radiography, principles of ultrasonography, fluoroscopy, endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER).
3. Principles and application of radiotherapy in veterinary practice. Radiation hazards and safety.
4. Soundness:Introduction, causes of unsoundness; unsoundness due to hereditary and acquired diseases, systemic examination, conformation, colour and markings, vices, blemishes, examination of animals and birds for soundness.

Practical:

1. Radiographic equipment and accessories, preparation of animals and birds for taking radiographs, estimation of exposure factors, contrast media, methods of taking and processing radiographs, viewing of X-ray film, use of infra-red and ultraviolet rays.
2. Radiographic artifacts and interpretation of radiographs. Radiographic safety measures. Management of X-ray film and dark rooms. Method of examination of animals and birds for soundness and certificate writing.

Course Title: Farm Animal Surgery

Course Code: SRA 431

Credit hours: 3+1.5

Theory:

1. Opthalmic surgery: Examination of eye, ectropion, entropion, ocular foreign keratitis, keratocele, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal opacity, periodic opthalmia, uveitis, cataract, glaucoma, hydropthalmia, panophthalmia, parasite in the eye, dermoid cyst.
2. Respiratory affections: Epistaxis, haemoptysis, foreign bodies and parasites in the nostrils, retropharyngeal abscess, roaring.
3. Gastrointestinal surgery: Ranula, chocking, oesophageal stricture and diverticulum, surgical approaches to the abdomen, foreign bodies in the stomach, bloat, impaction, traumatic reticuloperitonitis, abomasal displacement and torsion, intestinal obstruction, intussusceptions, volvulus, intestinal anastomosis, rectal prolapse, atresia coli, atresia recti, atresia ani, other surgical diseases of abdomen and various hernias.
4. Urogenital surgery: Pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, obstruction of urethra, urolithiasis, rupture of the bladder and urethra, retention of urine, urinary fistula, surgical affections of the penis and prepuce.
5. Udder and teat surgery: Supernumerary teats, imperforate teats, fissure of teats, obstruction in the teat, duct, fistula, papilloma, abscess and diseases.
6. Miscellaneous affections: Hydrocepthalus, empyema of sinus, disbudding and dehorning, actinomycosis, cleft palate, contracted tendon, sinus affections, neoplasm and their modern therapy.
7. Affections of head and neck:Fistula withers, poll evil, hump sore, botryomycosis.

Practical:

1. Clinical practice:Surgery of the clinical patients at Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH)- abscess, cyst, tumor, septic wound infections etc.
2. Anaesthesia and analgesia related to specific operations.
3. Amputation of tail, digit, limb, trephining of sinuses, tracheotomy, oesophagetomy, entropion and ectropion operation, enucleation of eyeball, castration and caponisation, urethrotomy, ligation of Stenson’s ducts, opening of guttural pouch, roaring operation, penile deviation, vasectomy, cystotomy, amputation of penis, Caslick’s operation, episisotomy, tenotionies, gastrotomy, rumenotomy, enterotomy, enterectomy, intestinal anastomoses, spleenectomy, nephrectomy.

Course Title: Wildlife, Zoo, Aquatic & Companion Animal Surgery

Course Code: SRA 461

Credit hours: 2+1

Theory:

Anaesthesia and analgesia related to specific operations in wildlife, zoo and companion animals. Amputation of tail, digit, declawing, aural resection in dogs, entropion and ectropion operation, enucleation of eyeball, abscess, castration, caponization, ovariohysterectomy, ceasarean section, urethrotomy, cystotomy, ventriculochordectomy (debarking), tracheotomy, oesophagotomy, gastrotomy, enterotomy, enterectomy, intestinal anastomoses, spleenectomy, cholecystectomy, trephining of sinus, ligation of Stention’s ducts, opening of guttural pouch, roaring operation, penile deviation, vasectomy, amputation of penis, Caslick’s operation, trocarization, tenotomy, nephrectomy.

Practical:

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease and disorders in Wildlife, Zoo, Aquatic and companion animals and birds at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), ambulatory surgical services at different zoos, national parks, safari park and other field stations, clinical practices of surgical cases at various government and private veterinary hospitals, clinics safari park, and zoo.

Course Title: Surgery (Clinics)

Course Code: SRA 501

Credit hours: 0+2

Practical:

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease and disorders in animals and birds at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), ambulatory surgical services at various farms and field stations, clinical practices of surgical cases at various government and private veterinary hospitals, clinics and zoo.